Mineral Processing Journals

Mineral processing, mineral beneficiation, or up gradation involves handling three primary sorts of ROM material, which are blasted, fragmented, and brought out from an in place position. These materials are often used directly or by simple or complex processing and even by applying extractive metallurgy like hydrometallurgical or pyro metallurgical methods. Most mineral extraction plants are represented by the flow chart shown in. Simpler operations, like a quarry producing aggregate, would involve only the initial stages of size reduction. Conversely, a more complex plant, producing variety of concentrates, requires a series of concentrating circuits. A number of stages of crushing are usually necessary due to the low reduction ratio in such equipment. Screens are usual between crushers to bypass material already of product size. Rod and ball mills have larger reduction ratios. Because rod mills provide some internal sizing action, they're commonly operated in circuit. There’s an increasing tendency to use an additional stage of crushing rather than a rod mill because crushers are more energy efficient. In new operations, semiautogenous grinding is now as common because the conventional size reduction shown in. In such plants, the crushing and grinding equipment shown in  is replaced by one stage of crushing, followed by a SAG mill operating in loop with hydro cyclone classifiers. The purpose of the dimensions reduction circuit is to realize liberation to permit concentration. Because some ores contain massive mineralization or because the gangue mineral liberates at a coarser particle size, some plants employ preconcentration before the precious is fully liberated. Heavy media separations are usually used between crushing stages, but a couple of instances of conventional gravity preconcentration after crushing is reported.