Systemic Sclerosis

 Systemic scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis, is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterised by excessive production and accumulation of collagen, called fibrosis, within the skin and internal organs and by injuries to small arteries.Systemic sclerosis (SSc) may be a systemic animal tissue disease. Characteristics of systemic sclerosis include essential vasomotor disturbances; fibrosis; subsequent atrophy of the skin (see the image below), subcutaneous tissue, muscles, and internal organs (eg, alimentary canal , lungs, heart, kidney, CNS); and immunologic disturbances accompany these findings.Telangiectasias affecting the face: they're pronounced and various , especially within the atrophic phase of the disease. Radical furrowing round the mouth is additionally characteristic within the later stage of the disease.There are two major subgroups of systemic sclerosis supported the extent of skin involvement: limited and diffuse. The limited form affects areas below, but not above, the elbows and knees with or without involvement of the face. The diffuse form affects also the skin above the elbows and knees and may spread also to the torso. Visceral organs, including the kidneys, heart, lungs, and alimentary canal also can be suffering from the fibrotic process. Prognosis is decided by the shape of the disease and therefore the extent of visceral involvement. Patients with limited systemic sclerosis have a far better prognosis than those with the diffuse form. Death is most frequently caused by lung, heart, and kidney involvement. there's also a small increase within the risk of cancer.