Journal of Pediatric Neurological Disorders

High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder In Youth

High-functioning autism (HFA) is autism without an intellectual disability (an IQ of 70 or less).  Individuals with HFA may exhibit deficits in areas of communication, emotion recognition and expression and social interaction. HFA isn't a recognized diagnosis within the DSM-5 or the ICD-10. High-functioning autism is characterized by features almost like those of Asperger syndrome. The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists may be a significant delay within the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. The diagnostic benchmark of Asperger syndrome excludes a general language delay. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders, including high-functioning autism, risk developing symptoms of hysteria . While anxiety is one among the foremost commonly occurring psychological state symptoms, children and adolescents with high functioning autism are at a good greater risk of developing symptoms. Observable comorbidities associated with HFA include ADHD and Tourette syndrome. HFA does not cause nor include intellectual disabilities. This characteristic distinguishes HFA from low-functioning autism; between 40 and 55% of people with autism even have an intellectual disability. An association between HFA and criminal behavior is not completely characterized. Several studies have shown that the features associated with HFA may increase the probability of engaging in criminal behaviour.    

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