Journal of Pediatric Neurological Disorders

Abdominal Hernia

 Abdominal wall hernias are the protrusion of the abdominal contents through an area of anatomic weakness, while an eventration is a subcutaneous protrusion of the intraabdominal contents through a weakened area of the abdominal or lumbar wall resulting from a previous surgical procedure, a gap secondary toblunt trauma or to congenital malformation (referred to as incisional hernia in the English-speaking literature). Predisposition to the development of hernias is often related to any cause of increased intraabdominal pressure, with the most common causes being obesity, chronic cough and ascites. Conditions that favor localized or generalized weakening of the abdominal wall, such asaging, trauma, previous surgery and deficient collagen, should also be considered. Hernias of the abdominal wall are common findings on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), ranging from small hernias with fat content to large sacs containing loops or organs. MDCT provides an excellent anatomic detail of the abdominal wall, allowing accurate identification of wall hernias and their differentiation from other abdominal masses, such as tumors, hematomas or abscesses. In addition, this method allows detection of eventrations in patients who are difficult to evaluate (e.g., obese patients,postsurgical patients or patients with abdominal wall scarring)   Abdominal wall hernias that may be found from the cephalic to the caudal area include: epigastric, ventral, Spigelian, lumbar, inguinal, femoral and obturator hernias. Incisional hernias, in turn, may be located at any site, as they do not follow a cephalocaudal direction. Their accurate classification may be established by anatomic repairs

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