Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Articles
The pharmaceutical industry discovers, develops, produces, and markets
drugs or pharmaceutical
drugs to be used as medications to be administered or self-administered to patients, with the aim to cure them, vaccinate them, or alleviate the symptoms. Pharmaceutical companies may deal in generic or brand medications and medical devices. They’re subject to a spread of laws and regulations that govern the patenting, testing, safety, efficacy and
marketing of medicine .A series of experiments performed from the late 1800s to the first 1900s revealed that
diabetes is caused by the absence of a substance normally produced by the pancreas. In 1869, Oskar Minkowski and Joseph von Mering found that
diabetes might be induced in dogs by surgical removal of the pancreas. In 1921, Canadian professor Frederick Banting and his student Charles Best repeated this study and located that injections of pancreatic extract reversed the symptoms produced by pancreas removal. Soon, the extract was demonstrated to figure in people, but development of insulin therapy as a routine procedure was delayed by difficulties in producing the fabric in sufficient quantity and with reproducible purity. The researchers sought assistance from industrial collaborators at Eli Lilly and Co. supported the company's experience with large scale purification of biological materials. Chemist George B. Walden of Eli Lilly and Company found that careful adjustment of the pH of the extract allowed a comparatively pure grade of insulin to be produced. Struggling from Toronto University and a possible patent challenge by academic scientists who had independently developed an identical purification method, an agreement was reached for non-exclusive production of insulin by multiple companies. Before the invention and widespread availability of insulin therapy the anticipation of diabetics was only a couple of months.
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