Annals of Clinical Trials and Vaccines Research

Nitrogen Fertilization Open Access Journals

Nitrogen  fertilization can also greatly improve plant productivity but must be carefully managed to avoid harmful environmental impacts. Nutrient management guidelines aimed toward reducing harmful sorts of N loss like laughing gas (N2O) emissions and nitrate (NO3-) leaching are tailored for several cropping systems. The developing bioenergy industry is probably going to form use of novel cropping systems, like polycultures of perennial species, that we've limited nutrient management experience. We studied how a switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) monoculture, a 5-species native grass mixture and an 18-species restored prairie responded to annual fertilizer applications of 56 kg N ha-1 in a field ofscale agronomic trial in south-central Wisconsin over a 2-year period. We also observed greater fertilizer-induced N2O emissions and sub-rooting zone NO3- concentrations within the switchgrass monoculture than in either polyculture. Fertilization increased aboveground net primary productivity in the polycultures, but not in the switchgrass monoculture. Switchgrass was generally more productive, while the two polycultures did not differ from each other in productivity or N loss. Our results highlight differences between polycultures and a switchgrass monoculture in responding to N fertilization. Nitrogen (N) pollution from agricultural systems has local, regional, and global environmental impacts. Nitrate (NO3-) leaching can negatively impact drinking water quality  and contributes to eutrophication events such as the Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone . Ammonia volatilization contributes to acid precipitation, while nitrous oxide (N2O) is the single greatest ongoing source of ozone depletion  and an extremely potent greenhouse gas [5]. These forms of N pollution are commonly linked to excessive or misapplied N fertilizer    

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