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Peripheral neuropathy, often shortened to neuropathy, may be a general term describing disease affecting the peripheral nerves, meaning nerves beyond the brain and medulla spinalis. Damage to peripheral nerves may impair sensation, movement, gland or organ function counting on which nerves are affected; in other words, neuropathy affecting motor, sensory, or autonomic nerves end in different symptoms. quite one sort of nerve could also be affected simultaneously. Peripheral neuropathy could also be acute (with sudden onset, rapid progress) or chronic (symptoms begin subtly and progress slowly), and should be reversible or permanent. Common causes include systemic diseases (such as diabetes or leprosy), hyperglycemia-induced glycation, vitamin deficiency, medication (e.g., chemotherapy, or commonly prescribed antibiotics including metronidazole and therefore the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin, Levaquin, Avelox etc.)), traumatic injury, including ischemia, radiotherapy , excessive alcohol consumption, system disease, coeliac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, or virus infection . It also can be genetic (present from birth) or idiopathic (no known cause). In conventional medical usage, the word neuropathy (neuro-, "nervous system" and -pathy, "disease of") without modifier usually means peripheral neuropathy. Neuropathy affecting only one nerve is named "mononeuropathy" and neuropathy involving nerves in roughly an equivalent areas on each side of the body is named "symmetrical polyneuropathy" or just "polyneuropathy". When two or more (typically just a couple of , but sometimes many) separate nerves in disparate areas of the body are affected it's called "mononeuritis multiplex", "multifocal mononeuropathy", or "multiple mononeuropathy".