Advanced Materials Science Research

Shrimp Farming Open Access

Shrimp farming has moved from conventional, small-scale Southeast Asian companies to a global industry. Technological developments have contributed to ever higher densities of shrimp increasing, and the shipping of broodstock around the world. Almost all farmed shrimps belong to the Penaeidae family, and only two species – Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) and Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn) – account for approximately 32.14% of all farmed shrimps. This commercial monocultures are extremely vulnerable to disease, which has led many area farm shrimp stocks to be wipe-out.Increasing ecological problems, repeated disease outbreaks, and pressures and criticism from both NGOs and consumer countries led to changes in industry in the late 1990s and tougher regulation by governments in general. A program was launched in 1999 to develop and promote more sustainable farming practices, including government bodies, industry representatives and environmental organizations. Freshwater prawn farming shares many characteristics with the marine shrimp farming, and many of the same problems. The reproductive lifecycle of the primary species (the giant river prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii) poses particular issues. In 2010 the global annual production of freshwater prawns was roughly 670,000 tons, of which China produced.  

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