Journal of Cosmetic Science and Technology

Reconstruction For Facial Defects

Skin cancer is the most common cancer of humans, and most skin cancers occur on the face. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and melanoma is increasing, perhaps because of the depletion of the ozone layer or other environmental factors not yet determined. Most cutaneous malignancies are managed surgically, leaving skin defects that require reconstruction. Skin cancers, birth defects, and injuries as a results of trauma and burns require that surgeons be skilled within the repair of facial defects. This chapter addresses the management of the many sorts of facial defects, primarily those resulting from ablation of cutaneous malignancies. However, the principles of local flap design and tissue movement are often readily applied to the reconstruction of all sorts of facial defects.Most facial defects result from ablation of cutaneous malignancies, and most cases can be repaired by primary wound closure or with a local cutaneous or musculocutaneous flap. Because the subject of facial reconstruction is extremely broad and sophisticated , this chapter discusses only local flaps and grafts within the repair of facial cutaneous defects with the occasional appropriate reference to the repair of skeletal deficiencies. Other publications better address the utilization of regional flaps in facial reconstruction.    

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