Pharmacogenomics Research
Pharmacogenomics is that the study of how genes affect a person’s response to drugs. This relatively new field combines
pharmacology (the science of drugs) and
genomics (the study of genes and their functions) to develop effective, safe medications and doses which will be tailored to a person’s genetic makeup. Many
drugs that are currently available are “one size fits all,” but they do not work an equivalent way for everybody. It are often difficult to predict who will enjoy a medicine , who won't respond in the least , and who will experience negative side effects (called
adverse drug reactions). Adverse drug reactions are a significant cause of hospitalizations and deaths in the United States. With the knowledge gained from the Human
Genome Project, researchers are learning how inherited differences in genes affect the body’s response to medications. These genetic differences are going to be wont to predict whether a medicine are going to be effective for a specific person and to assist prevent
adverse drug reactions. Absorption usually refers to how a drug enters the bloodstream after an individual takes a pill or uses an inhalant; injection circumvents absorption by putting a drug directly into the blood. Distribution describes where the drug travels after absorption and the way much of the drug reaches the target site. Many drugs, for example, cannot get past the blood-brain barrier. Metabolism refers to how the drug gets weakened within the body, which may happen immediately by way of enzyme action within the stomach and sometimes involves end products with their own pharmacologic action. Finally, excretion describes how
drugs leave the body, whether by urine, bile, or, in some cases, exhalation. Until recently,
drugs are developed with the thought that every drug works just about an equivalent in everybody. But genomic research has changed that "one size fits all" approach and opened the door to more personalized approaches to using and developing drugs. Depending on your genetic makeup, some
drugs may go more or less effectively for you than they are doing in people. Likewise, some
drugs may produce more or fewer side effects in you than in somebody else. In the near future, doctors are going to be ready to routinely use
information about your genetic makeup to settle on those
drugs and drug doses that provide the best chance of helping you.
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