Human Physiology Open Access Articles
Physiology (/ËŒfɪziˈɒlÉ™dÊ’i/; from Ancient Greek φÏσις (physis), meaning 'nature, origin', and -λογία (-logia), meaning 'study of') is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology,
physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and
biomolecules carry out the chemical and physical functions in a living system. According to the classes of organisms, the field can be divided into medical physiology, animal physiology,
plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology.Central to physiological functioning are biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and communication between cells. Physiological state is the condition of normal function, while pathological state refers to abnormal conditions, including human diseases. The Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for exceptional scientific achievements in
physiology related to the field of medicine.Human
physiology seeks to understand the mechanisms that work to keep the human body alive and functioning,through scientific enquiry into the nature of mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans, their organs, and the
cells of which they are composed. The principal level of focus of
physiology is at the level of organs and systems within systems. The endocrine and nervous systems play major roles in the reception and transmission of signals that integrate function in animals.
Homeostasis is a major aspect with regard to such interactions within plants as well as animals.
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