Comparative Genome Hybridization Peer-review Journals
Many
human genetic disorders result from unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities, in which there is net gain or loss of genetic material. Traditionally, cytologists have detected such abnormalities by generating a karyotype of an individual's
chromosomes and analyzing the banding patterns therein. Indeed, since its development within the 1970s, cytogenetic analysis of banding patterns has been the first tool for the clinical assessment of patients with a spread of congenital anomalies. Under ideal conditions, aberrations as small as approximately 5 megabases (Mb) are often detected with banding analysis; such
chromosome rearrangements are termed "microscopic. In recent years, however, researchers have increasingly turned to newer
cytogenetic techniques. One such method is fluorescence in situ hybridization, a technique that uses fluorescently labeled probes to locate the positions of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. One more well-known method is relative genomic hybridization, which gives a substitute methods for genome-wide
screening for duplicate number varieties. First created to distinguish duplicate number changes in strong tumors, CGH utilizes two genomes, a test and an effect , which are differentially named and seriously hybridized to metaphase chromosomes. The fluorescent sign power of the named test DNA relative thereto of the reference DNA would then be able to be directly plotted over every chromosome, permitting the recognizable proof of duplicate number changes.
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