Aquaculture Uses
In recent years aquaculture has gained momentum in several parts of the world. Intensification has become a standard practice for maximizing the returns in both finfish and shellfish culture. In both carp and shrimp cultivation systems , high stocking densities, artificial feeding, and pond fertilization have become normal. Due to increased cultivation activities,
microbial etiology diseases of economic significance have arisen in pond rearing and rising and pose a major challenge to the aquaculture industry 's sustainability. Synthetic chemicals and antibiotics were used to avoid or treat fish and shrimp, and at least partial success was achieved.
Vaccination against specific pathogens has recently been developed with some success depending on the disease in question. An alternative strategy has been to apply different compounds to activate or improve the innate
immune system of farmed fish and shrimp.
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