Diabetes: Understanding the Silent Epidemic and Embracing a Healthier Future

James F^*

Research Centre of Diabetes, Albania

Received: 01-Aug -2023, Manuscript No. jdmc-23-109214; Editor assigned: 03-Aug-2023, PreQC No. jdmc-23- 109214 (PQ); Reviewed: 18-Aug- 2023, QC No. jdmc-23-109214; Revised: 23-Aug-2023, Manuscript No jdmc-23-109214 (R); Published: 31-Aug-2023; DOI: 10.37532/ jdmc.2023.6(4).92-93

Abstract

Diabetes, a global silent epidemic, affects millions worldwide with an estimated 463 million adults impacted in 2019. This article provides a concise overview of diabetes, including its prevalence, types, risk factors, complications, and management strategies. Type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes are explored, emphasizing modifiable risk factors such as sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy diets, and obesity. Complications, including cardiovascular diseases and neuropathy, underscore the need for proactive management and early detection. Holistic approaches, including lifestyle changes and medication, are crucial for effective diabetes management. Encouraging a healthier lifestyle through physical activity, balanced diets, and diabetes education is vital for prevention. Collaborative efforts are essential in tackling this silent epidemic and embracing a healthier future.

Keywords

Diabetes • Global • Neuropathy • Obesity • Epidemic

Introduction

Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, has emerged as a significant global health concern affecting millions of lives worldwide. Characterized by high blood glucose levels, diabetes impairs the body’s ability to produce or effectively utilize insulin, the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar. This article aims to shed light on the prevalence, types, risk factors, complications, and management of diabetes while emphasizing the importance of adopting a healthier lifestyle to combat this silent epidemic [1-3].

The prevalence of diabetes

The prevalence of diabetes has reached alarming levels globally. According to the International Diabetes Federation, an estimated 463 million adults were living with diabetes in 2019, and this number is projected to rise to 700 million by 2045. Both developed and developing nations face the burden of diabetes, making it a significant public health challenge [4-8].

Types of diabetes

Diabetes can be classified into three main types: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body’s immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, necessitating lifelong insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes, the most prevalent form, results from insulin resistance and impaired insulin production, primarily linked to sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy diets. Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy and can increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the child [9].

Risk factors

While genetics play a role in diabetes, modifiable risk factors are largely responsible for the rising prevalence. Sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy diets high in processed sugars and saturated fats, and obesity are major risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Additionally, family history, age, ethnicity, and gestational history can also increase the likelihood of developing diabetes [10].

Complications of diabetes

Diabetes, if left unmanaged, can lead to severe complications affecting various organs and systems in the body. Some common complications include cardiovascular diseases, diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease, neuropathy, and foot ulcers. Proper management and early detection are crucial in preventing or delaying the onset of these complications.

Diabetes management

The management of diabetes involves a holistic approach, focusing on lifestyle modifications, medication, and regular monitoring. For type 1 diabetes, insulin therapy is essential, and for type 2 diabetes, lifestyle changes, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, and weight management, can be highly effective. Monitoring blood glucose levels, regular medical check-ups, and diabetes education also play vital roles in successful management.

Embracing a healthier lifestyle

To combat the diabetes epidemic, individuals and communities must prioritize preventive measures and embrace healthier lifestyles. Regular physical activity, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming, can significantly improve insulin sensitivity and overall health. Adopting a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while limiting processed and sugary foods is essential for diabetes prevention and management.

Raising awareness and education

Raising awareness about diabetes, its risk factors, and prevention strategies is crucial in empowering communities to take control of their health. Healthcare providers, governments, and non-governmental organizations must work together to implement educational programs, public health campaigns, and accessible healthcare services.

Conclusion

Diabetes continues to pose a significant global health challenge, affecting millions of lives and burdening healthcare systems worldwide. By understanding the types, risk factors, complications, and management of diabetes, we can take proactive steps towards prevention and early detection. Embracing a healthier lifestyle, fostering diabetes education, and promoting regular health screenings are fundamental in mitigating the impact of this silent epidemic. Together, we can build a healthier future for ourselves and future generations, free from the shadows of diabetes.

References

1. Berthe–Aucejo A, Nguyen PKH, Angoulvant F et al. Retrospective study of irrational prescribing in French paediatric hospital: Prevalence of inappropriate prescription detected by Pediatrics: Omission of Prescription and Inappropriate prescription (POPI) in the emergency unit and in the ambulatory setting.BMJ Open.9, 45–66 (2015).

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

2. Al Balushi KA, Al–Sawafi F, Al–Ghafri F et al. Drug utilization pattern in an Omani pediatric population.J Basic Clin Pharm.4, 68–72 (2014).

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

3. Al–Badri A. Almuqbali J, Al–Rahbi K et al. A Study of the Paediatric Prescriptions at the Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman.J Pharmaceut. Res.5, 17–56 (2020).

Indexed at, Google Scholar

4. Al–Maqbali, Haridass S, Hassali M et al. Analysis of Pediatric Outpatient Prescriptions in a Polyclinic of Oman. GlobJ Med Res.19, 2249–4618 (2019).

Google Scholar

5. Bakaki PM, Horace A, Dawson N et al. Defining pediatric polypharmacy: A scoping review.PLoS ONE.13, 56–99 (2018).

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

6. Lemeshow S, Hosmer DW. A review of goodness of fit statistics for use in the development of logistic regression models.Am J. Epidemiol.115, 92–106 (1982).

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

7. Wallace E, McDowell R, Bennett K et al. Impact of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing on Adverse Drug Events, Health Related Quality of Life and Emergency Hospital Attendance in Older People Attending General Practice: A Prospective Cohort Study.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.72, 271–277 (2017)

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

8. Cahir C, Moriarty F, Teljeur C et al. Potentially inappropriate prescribing and vulnerability and hospitalization in older community–dwelling patients.Ann Pharmacother.48, 1546–1554 (2018).

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

9. Cullinan S, O’Mahony D, Fleming A et al. A meta–synthesis of potentially inappropriate prescribing in older patients.Drugs Aging.31, 631–638(2014).

Google Scholar, Crossref

10. Liew TM, Lee CS, Goh Shawn KL et al. Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing Among Older Persons: A Meta–Analysis of Observational Studies.Ann Fam Med.17, 257–266 (2019).

Google Scholar, Crossref