Abstract

The Role of Genetic Markers in Predicting Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk

Author(s): Jeessica White*

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and damage. Genetic factors play a significant role in RA susceptibility, with several genetic markers identified that may influence disease risk. Understanding these markers can improve early detection and preventive strategies. This study aims to evaluate the role of genetic markers in predicting the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, focusing on the most studied genes and their associations with disease onset. A systematic review of recent research articles, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and meta-analyses was conducted to identify and analyze genetic markers associated with RA risk. The review includes information on major susceptibility genes, their mechanisms of action, and their predictive value. Several genetic markers have been consistently associated with an increased risk of RA, including the HLA-DRB1 gene, which has the strongest association with disease susceptibility. Other notable markers include PTPN22, STAT4, and IL6R. These genetic variants influence immune system function and inflammatory pathways, contributing to disease risk. Genetic markers are valuable tools in predicting rheumatoid arthritis risk. The identification of high-risk genetic profiles can enhance early detection and personalized prevention strategies. Future research should focus on integrating genetic information with environmental factors and clinical characteristics to improve risk prediction and guide preventive interventions.