Abstract

The Impact of Gut Microbiota on Rheumatoid Arthritis: Exploring the Gut-Joint Axis

Author(s): Sophia Green*

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and joint damage. While genetic and environmental factors have long been recognized as contributors to RA pathogenesis, recent studies have highlighted the potential role of the gut microbiota in influencing disease development and progression. The gut microbiota, consisting of trillions of microorganisms, plays a key role in maintaining immune homeostasis and modulating systemic inflammation. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the composition of the microbiota, has been implicated in various autoimmune diseases, including RA. This article reviews current evidence on the gut-joint axis, exploring the mechanisms through which gut microbiota may influence RA pathogenesis. We discuss the role of microbial metabolites, immune system modulation, and microbial-induced inflammation in RA. Additionally, potential therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring a healthy gut microbiome, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), are explored. Although promising, further research is needed to establish causal relationships and determine the therapeutic potential of microbiome-targeted therapies in RA.