Advanced Materials Science Research

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 Every engineering discipline is involved in employing numerous initiatives, sustainable design, especially life cycle analysis, pollution prevention, design for the environment, design for disassembly, and project for recycling. These are swapping or at least changing pollution control paradigms. For example, concept of a "cap and trade" has been verified and works well for some pollutants. This is a system where companies are permitted to place a "bubble" over an entire manufacturing complex or trade pollution credits with other companies in their industry as a substitute of a "pipe-by-pipe" and "stack-by-stack" approach, i.e. the so-called "command and control" approach. Such policy and regulatory inventions call for some improved technology based methods as well as better quality-based approaches, such as leveling out the pollutant loadings and using less expensive technologies to remove the first large bulk of pollutants, followed by higher action and maintenance technologies for the more difficult to treat stacks and pipes. But, the net effect can be a better reduction of pollutant emissions and effluents than giving each stack or pipe as an independent entity.  

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