Photovoltaic Energy

Photovoltaics (PV) is that the conversion of sunshine into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. Solar PV has specific advantages as an energy source: once installed, its operation generates no pollution and no greenhouse emission emissions, it shows simple scalability in respect of power needs and silicon has large availability within the Earth's crust. Photovoltaic systems have long been utilized in specialized applications as stand-alone installations and grid-connected PV systems are in use since the 1990s. Advances in technology and increased manufacturing scale have in any case reduced the price, increased the reliability, and increased the efficiency of photovoltaic installations.