Archives of Nursing and Care

Natural Disasters Peer Review Journal

 Natural disasters provide striking observations into the role of vulnerability in explaining patterns of loss among peoples and regions. Hazards become disasters when a perturbation overwhelms the capacity of a population or place to adapt or cope. Natural disasters have received substantial attention within the literature, stemming largely from research by Gilbert White of the University of Chicago within the 1980s on the theorization of human exposure to environmental extremes and therefore the human behavior that cause poor disaster management policy. Impacts of recent hurricanes and warmth waves show that even rich countries don't seem to be well prepared to address extreme climate-related disasters.   The maturation of vulnerability science and therefore the framing of hazards within human–environment systems have led to a chance removed from a hazard-centered focus. for instance, the global organization Development Programme calculated a ‘Disaster Risk Index (DRI)’ to point the relative vulnerabilities of a rustic to hazards by recognizing that disaster vulnerability may be a function of hazard exposure still as social, political, economic, and environmental factors. The DRI was calculated by dividing the quantity of individuals killed by the quantity of individuals exposed to the hazard, and comparing the quantity of individuals killed with 24 indicators of vulnerability chosen to represent seven different categories of vulnerability: economic, style of economic activities, dependency and quality of environment indictors, demography, health and sanitation, early warning capacity, education, and development. Indicators were considered, which represented an observed status instead of mitigation factors (i.e., school enrollment instead of education budget) and comprised data that covered the 1980–2000 period and most of the 249 countries within the study.

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