ISSN: 2041-6792

Clinical Investigation

Hereditary Colorectal Review Articles

 Colorectal cancer is called "hereditary"  when many generations of a family have colorectal cancer. gene mutations that cause colorectal cancer, and allow it to be transmitted to family members, have been found. A gene is a block of DNA that holds the genetic code, or instructions, for producing proteins vital to our bodily functions. Our genetic heritage is contained in the genes or recipes inside the chromosomes. Chromosomes are not rigid structures, but totally the contrary; they are changeable and susceptible to mutation. This allows them to interact with the environment; being able to adapt due to their own evolution and reset mechanisms. Thus, any faulty or inappropriate changes affecting their number, structure, content or expression, can give rise to malformations or disorders. Congenital disorders may be caused by any of the following alterations: Chromosomal: When the chromosome is altered in either the number or structure. Mendelian: When the alteration affects the chromosome contents or message, that is their genes or recipes. Mitochondrial: Our inheritance is not only in the chromosomes or nucleus DNA. A small amount of it is found in the mitochondria, a cellular structure located outside the nucleus, in a region called cytoplasm. Multifactorial: When the disorder or defect is the result of various genes acting together, plus the interaction of these genes with exogenous or environmental factors. Enviromental: Produced by an external cause that affects the individual.

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