Gastric Carcinoid

Stomach carcinoid tumors are rare and display unique biological behavior that differentiates them from their counterparts in the rest of the gastrointestinal tract. Retrospective pathological studies have shed new light on the prognosis of those tumors in patients. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are interface tumors between the nervous system and the endocrine system. The presence of secretory granules, as well as the ability to produce biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones, are characteristic of these. These tumors originate from endocrine glands such as the adrenal medulla, pituitary, and parathyroids, as well as thyroid or pancreatic endocrine islets, and dispersed endocrine cells within the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Gastric carcinoid tumors (GCs) are rare lesions that account for less than 10% of carcinoid tumors, and less than 1% of all stomach neoplasms. There are three distinct types of gastric carcinoids; type I includes the vast majority of these neoplasms (70–85 percent) that are closely linked to chronic atrophic gastritis. Type II, 5–10% of which is associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and often occurs in multiple endocrine type 1 neoplasias. Around 5 % of patients with autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis develop gastric carcinoid tumors. These tumors have a good prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 96% that is not different from a normal age-group population.  

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