Journal of Biochemistry Research

Bioavailability Journals

Bioavailability is a subcategory of absorption in pharmacology, and is the fraction (percent) of a given drug that reaches the systemic circulation. Through definition, when a drug is intravenously administered, it is 100% bioavailable. However, if a drug is administered via routes other than intravenous, its bioavailability is generally lower than that of the intravenous due to the absorption of intestinal endothelium and first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability is thus, mathematically, equal to the ratio of comparing the region under the plasma concentration curve per time (AUC) for extravascular formulation to the AUC for intravascular formulation. AUC is used because AUC is proportional to the dose reaching the systemic circulation. A drug's bioavailability is an average value; deviation range is given in ± to take account of population variability. To ensure proper dosing of the drug-taker with poor absorption, the bottom value of the deviation range is used to reflect actual bioavailability to measure the drug dose needed by the drug-taker to achieve systemic drug concentrations comparable to intravenous formulations. For dose without the requirement of the absorption state of the drug taker, the bottom value of the deviation spectrum is used to ensure the expected effectiveness is achieved when the medication is not associated with a small therapeutic window.

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