Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute
myocardial infarction is a myocardial necrosis caused by acute blockage of a coronary artery. Symptoms include chest discomfort, nausea and diaphoresis with or without dyspnea. Diagnosis is by ECG and serological markers are present or not present. Treatment includes antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, nitrates, beta-blockers, statins and therapy for reperfusion. For
myocardial infarction with ST-segment-elevation, emergency
reperfusion is done by fibrinolytic medications, percutaneous intervention, or, rarely,
coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Reperfusion is percutaneous intervention, or
coronary artery bypass graft surgery, for non-ST-segment-elevation MI. The etiology of an acute
myocardial infarction reduces the supply of coronary blood. The amount of oxygen available can not satisfy the demand for oxygen, which results in cardiac ischemia. In the developed world, acute
myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death.
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