Abstract

Advances in Ankylosing Spondylitis Research: A Comprehensive Review

Author(s): Xiang Zao

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton. AS presents with pain, stiffness, and impaired mobility of the spine, which can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of AS. This review article provides an overview of recent advances in AS research, with a focus on genetics, diagnosis, and emerging therapeutic approaches. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disorder primarily affecting the axial skeleton, with significant potential for disability and reduced quality of life. Recent research has transformed our understanding and management of AS. Genetic studies have identified HLA-B27 as a key risk factor, although other genetic markers also contribute to disease susceptibility, highlighting its complex etiology. Ongoing research explores novel therapeutic avenues, including Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and interleukin-17 (IL-17) inhibitors, offering tailored treatment options for non-responsive patients. Patient-centered care, emphasizing physical therapy, exercise, and psychological support, complements pharmacological interventions, enhancing overall well-being. AS research has made significant strides, from uncovering genetic underpinnings to expanding therapeutic options. Collaborative efforts among clinicians, researchers, and patients continue to refine our approach to AS, with the ultimate goal of achieving remission, preventing disability, and improving the lives of those living with this challenging condition.