Journal of Diabetes Medication & Care

Thyroid News

Thyroid may be a small butterfly-shaped gland found at the bottom of your neck, slightly below your Adam's apple. This gland makes hormone that travels in your blood to all or any parts of your body. The hormone controls your body's metabolism in some ways, including how briskly you burn calories and the way fast your heart beats. Thyroid produces hormone, which controls many activities in your body, including how briskly you burn calories and the way fast your heart beats. Diseases of the thyroid cause it to form either an excessive amount of or insufficient of the hormone. Depending on what proportion or how little hormone your thyroid makes, you'll often feel restless or tired, otherwise you may lose or gain weight. Women are more likely than men to possess thyroid diseases, especially right after pregnancy and after menopause. Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid, namely triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). They are tyrosine-based hormones that are primarily liable for regulation of metabolism. T3 and T4 are partially composed of iodine. A deficiency of iodine results in decreased production of T3 and T4, enlarges the thyroid tissue and can cause the disease referred to as simple goitre. The major sort of hormone within the blood is thyroxine (T4), which features a longer half-life than T3. In humans, the ratio of T4 to T3 released into the blood is approximately 14:1. T4 is converted to the active T3 (three to fourfold stronger than T4) within cells by deiodinases (5′-iodinase). These are further processed by decarboxylation and deiodination to supply iodothyronamine (T1a) and thyronamine (T0a). All three isoforms of the deiodinases are selenium-containing enzymes, thus dietary selenium is important for T3 production.

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