Journal of Diabetes Medication & Care

Thyroid Disorders News

 Thyroid disorders are conditions that affect the thyroid, a butterfly-shaped gland within the front of the neck. The thyroid has important roles to manage numerous metabolic processes throughout the body. Different types of thyroid disorders affect either its structure or function. The thyroid is found below the Adam's apple wrapped round the trachea (windpipe). A thin area of tissue within the gland's middle, mentioned because the isthmus, joins the two thyroid lobes on all sides. The thyroid uses iodine to produce vital hormones. Thyroxine, also known as T4, is the primary hormone produced by the gland. After delivery via the bloodstream to the body's tissues, a small portion of the T4 released from the gland is converted to triiodothyronine (T3), which is the most active hormone. The function of the thyroid is regulated by a feedback mechanism involving the brain. When hormone levels are low, the hypothalamus within the brain produces a hormone referred to as thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) that causes the pituitary (located at the bottom of the brain) to release thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH stimulates the thyroid to release more T4. aSince the thyroid is controlled by the pituitary and hypothalamus, disorders of those tissues also can affect thyroid function and cause thyroid problems.  

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