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 When the primary digital computers appeared within the early 1940s, the instructions to form them operate were wired into the machine. Practitioners quickly realized that this design wasn't flexible and came up with the "stored program architecture" or von Neumann architecture. Thus the division between "hardware" and "software" began with abstraction getting used to affect the complexity of computing. Programming languages began to appear within the early 1950s and this was also another major step in abstraction. Major languages like Fortran, ALGOL, PL/I, and COBOL were released within the late 1950 and 1960s to affect scientific, algorithmic, and business problems respectively. David Parnas introduced the key concept of modularity and knowledge hiding in 1972 to assist programmers affect the ever-increasing complexity of software systems. The origins of the term "software engineering" are attributed to varied sources. The term "software engineering" appeared during a list of services offered by companies within the June 1965 issue of COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION and was used more formally within the August 1966 issue of Communications of the ACM “letter to the ACM membership” by the ACM President Anthony A. Oettinger;it is additionally related to the title of a NATO conference in 1968 by Professor Friedrich L. Bauer, the primary conference on software engineering.Independently, Margaret Hamilton named the discipline "software engineering" during the Apollo missions to offer what they were doing legitimacy. At the time there was seemed to be a "software crisis".The 40th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2018) celebrates 50 years of "Software Engineering" with the Plenary Sessions' keynotes of Frederick Brooks[14] and Margaret Hamilton

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