Shrimp Farming Group Journals
Shrimp agriculture has shifted from conventional, small-scale Southeast Asian
businesses to a global industry. Technological developments have contributed to increasing shrimp densities and broodstock shipping around the world. Almost all farmed shrimps belong to the Penaeidae family, and only two species-Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) and Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn)-account for about 32.14 percent of all farmed shrimps. These commercial monocultures are highly vulnerable to disease, which has led to the wiping out of many agricultural shrimp stocks. .Increasing ecological problems, repeated outbreaks of disease, and pressures and criticism from both NGOs and consumer countries led to changes in industry in the late 1990s and tougher government regulation overall. A program for developing and promoting more sustainable farming practices was launched in 1999, including government bodies, industry representatives and
environmental organisations. Freshwater prawn farming shares many features with sea shrimp farming, and many of the same issues. The primary species' reproductive lifecycle (the giant prawn on the river, Macrobrachium rosenbergii) poses particular problems.
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