ISSN: 2044-9038 (Print) 2044-9046 (Electronic)

Clinical Practice

Role Of Thyroid Hormones Scholarly Journal

The hormone is documented for controlling metabolism, growth, and lots of other body functions. The thyroid gland, anterior pituitary gland, and hypothalamus comprise a self-regulatory circuit called the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. The main hormones produced by the thyroid gland are thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine and triiodothyronine. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone from hypothalamus, thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary gland, and T4 work in synchronous harmony to maintain a proper feedback mechanism and homeostasis. Hypothyroidism, caused by an underactive thyroid gland, typically manifests as bradycardia, cold intolerance, constipation, fatigue, and weight gain. In contrast, hyperthyroidism caused by increased thyroid gland function manifests as weight loss, heat intolerance, diarrhea, fine tremor, and muscle weakness. Iodine is an essential trace element absorbed in the small intestine. It is an integral part of T3 and T4. Sources of iodine include iodized table salt, seafood, seaweed, and vegetables. Decreased iodine intake can cause iodine deficiency and decreased thyroid hormone synthesis. Iodine deficiency can cause cretinism, goiter, myxedema coma, and hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones affect every cell and every one the organs of the body. They: Regulate the speed at which calories are burned, affecting weight loss or weight gain, Can hamper or speed up the heartbeat, Can raise or lower blood heat .

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