Journal of Diabetes Medication & Care

Role Of Thyroid Hormones High Impact Factor Journals

 The thyroid uses iodine from food to form two thyroid hormones: triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It also stores these thyroid hormones and releases them as they're needed. The hypothalamus and therefore the pituitary, which are located within the brain, help control the thyroid. The hypothalamus releases TRH (TRH), which stimulates the pituitary to release thyrotropin (TSH). When the hypothalamus and pituitary are working normally, they sense when: Thyroid hormone levels are low, in order that they secrete more TRH and TSH, which stimulates the thyroid to form more hormones. Thyroid hormone levels are too high, in order that they secrete less TRH and TSH, which reduces hormone production by the thyroid. Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid, namely triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). They are tyrosine-based hormones that are primarily liable for regulation of metabolism. T3 and T4 are partially composed of iodine. A deficiency of iodine results in decreased production of T3 and T4, enlarges the thyroid tissue and can cause the disease referred to as simple goitre. The major sort of hormone within the blood is thyroxine (T4), which features a longer half-life than T3. In humans, the ratio of T4 to T3 released into the blood is approximately 14:1. T4 is converted to the active T3 (three to fourfold stronger than T4) within cells by deiodinases (5′-iodinase). These are further processed by decarboxylation and deiodination to supply iodothyronamine (T1a) and thyronamine (T0a). All three isoforms of the deiodinases are selenium-containing enzymes, thus dietary selenium is important for T3 production.  

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