Lignin Biosynthesis

Lignin hampers the optimal use of cellulosic biomass in the manufacture of bioethanol. Lignin reduction may be accomplished by down-regulation of biosynthetic pathway genes in monolignol. Cinnamoyl clones CoA reductase (LlCCR) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (LlCAD) have been isolated from Leucaena leucocephala, a leguminous pulpwood tree primarily used in India for paper production. Sense and antisense constructs of LlCCR and LlCAD were implemented in tobacco under the constitutive promoter CaMV 35S for up and down controlling CCR and CAD genes. All down-regulated lines showed stunted growth and development with considerably decreased lignin content. Contrary to this, up-regulated lines showed robust production, development and substantial increase in lignin content.

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