ISSN: 2041-6792

Clinical Investigation

Hydraulic Fracturing

 Hydraulic fracturing or, because it is usually called, fracking, may be a technique used for accessing gas and oil in tight geologic formations. The method involves the horizontal directional drilling of wells additionally to the utilization of water, sand and chemicals at high pressures to fracture rock and release hydrocarbons.     The hydraulic fracturing process is often categorized into the follow four steps:   A well is drilled vertically to the specified depth, then is turned at an angle and continues horizontally for several thousand feet into the formation believed to contain the trapped gas or oil. a mix of water, sand, and chemicals is pumped into the well at high so as to make fissures within the shale rock, which increases permeability and allows the hydrocarbons to flee . Natural gas or oil is released through the fissures and is drawn copy the well to the surface. Wastewater (also called "flow back water" or "produced water") returns to the surface after the fracking process is completed. The gas or oil is collected at the surface and is processed, refined, and shipped to the market. Water and sand structure 98 to 99.5 percent of the fluid utilized in hydraulic fracturing. additionally, chemical additives are used but the precise formulation varies counting on the well.

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