Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine

Dentures Of Mandible Top Journals

 Differences in resorption can have effects which are limited to the alveolar process in the maxilla, rarely moving to its body, while in the mandible changes also affect the mandibular angle, leading to its atrophy. Alveolar loss in the maxilla runs from the cheek to the palate in the horizontal plane, in the mandible the alveolar ridge becomes atrophic in the glosso-bucal direction in its lateral parts, while in the anterior part this occurs from the oral vestibule. According to Parkinson, an increase in the incidence of mandibular as opposed to maxillary resorption is more rapid in the initial edentulous period and decelerates as bone loss progresses; unfavourable consequences of toothlessness resulting in mastication impairment as well as loss of parodontal tissue receptors, which play a significant regulatory role in the function of the masticatory organ. The anterior mandible resorbs 4 times faster than the anterior maxilla. The probable reason for this fact: the difference in the square area of the maxilla and the mandible, the feature of the mucoperiosteum as a ‘shock absorber’ and the variation in the quality of bone of the two jaws. Woelfel et al have cited the projected maxillary denture area to be 4.2 sq in and 2.3 sq in for the mandible; which is in the ratio of 1.8:1. If a patient bites with a pressure of 50 lbs, this is calculated to be 12 lbs/sq. in under the maxillary denture and 21 lbs/sq under the mandibular denture. The significant difference in the two forces may be a causative factor to cause a difference in the rates of resorption. The mucoperiosteum due to its ‘spongy’ nature has a ‘dampening effect’ on the forces that are transmitted to the alveolar ridge. Since the overlying mucoperiosteum varies in its viscoelastic properties from patient to patient and from maxilla to mandible, its energy absorption qualities may influence the rate of RRR. Cancellous bone is ideally designed to absorb and dissipate the forces it is subjected to. The maxillary residual ridge is often broader, flatter, and more cancellous than the mandibular ridge. Trabeculae in maxilla are oriented parallel to the direction of compression deformation, allowing for maximal resistance to deformation.  

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