Journal of Biochemistry Research

Blood Pressure Review Articles

             Blood pressure (BP) is blood pressure that circulates in the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure is caused by the heart's work by pumping blood through the circulatory system. Without further specifications, "blood pressure" usually refers to pressure in large blood vessels of the systemic circulation. Blood pressure is usually expressed as systolic pressure (maximum for one heartbeat) above diastolic pressure (minimum between two heartbeats) and measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) above ambient pressure. Along with the rate of breathing, heart rate, oxygen saturation and body temperature, blood pressure is one of the most important indicators. Normal resting blood pressure in adults is about 120 millimeters of mercury (16 kPa) systolic and 80 millimeters of mercury (11 kPa) diastolic, abbreviated "120/80 mmHg". Average standard blood pressure is 127/79 mmHg in men and 122/77 mmHg in women, although these averages cover large differences in regional trends. Blood pressure is affected by heart rate, systemic vascular resistance and arterial stiffness and varies depending on the situation, emotional state, activity and relative health / illness. In the short term, blood pressure is regulated by baroreceptors which affect the nervous system and hormones through the brain. Blood pressure that is too low is called hypotension, constantly high blood pressure as hypertension and normal blood pressure values ​​as normotension.

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