Abstract

Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: A review on most targetable proteins (S and N) of SARS-CoV-2

Author(s): Sana Gul

In this review speciï¬ÂÃÂ?c aspect of CoV-host interactions have been discussed. Newly identified COVID-19 virus belongs to β-coronavirus, where genome sequencing of Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 shows a close relation with bats viruses. Therefore, similar to MERS and SARS it is also having an animal origin (like bats or civet cats). In contrast to SARS it is highly contagious and rate of transmission is high in person to person. In current situation, there is an urgent need of effective vaccine to cure against life threatens infection. This review focuses to understand the most likely targetable proteins i.e. Spike (S) and Nucleocapsid (N). Due to emergence of Coronavirus outbreak globally, present research based on drug-genes signatures available in the literature. Corona viridae is a family of viruses mainly caused upper respiratory infections from common colds to more severe illnesses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The S-glycoprotein found on the surface of coronavirus and one of the important enzyme that gain attention due to involvement in viral attachment and entry into host cells. Similarly Nucleocapsid (N) protein is highly immunogenic phosphor protein; it is ï¬ÂÃÂ?lamentous and single-stranded viral RNA. It plays role in genome replication and involve in cell signaling pathways. This review is to be addressed the main challenge i.e. pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 by understanding both S protein and N protein.