Abstract

Effects of sodium intake reduction on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients

Author(s): Upadhyay Ronak Brijeshkumar, Dhwani Manishbhai Patel, Gulam Husain Nabi Husain Mahato, Abhimanyu Agarwal, Monica Ghotra, Binay K Panjiyar

The primary objective of this research was to delve into the impact of sodium reduction on managing blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. The investigation entailed a thorough examination of pertinent literature, concentrating on experimental inquiries, meta-analyses, and clinical studies spanning the years 2013 to 2022. The focus encompassed an array of scholarly works that go through the intricate link between sodium consumption and the regulation of blood pressure. These diverse studies yielded noteworthy outcomes, consistently portraying a proportional response to salt reduction. Notably, the reduction in sodium intake showcased a significant reduction in blood pressure levels among hypertensive patients. The underpinnings of this phenomenon were scrutinized, encompassing variations in renin, aldosterone, catecholamine, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Furthermore, these studies give the interplay of salt reduction with dietary interventions and the baseline blood pressure, accentuating the potential for custom-tailored methodologies to optimize blood pressure management. In recent times, lifestyle interventions targeting sodium intake have gained escalated consideration, and the effectiveness of these interventions in lowering blood pressure among hypertensive patients has been substantiated through randomized controlled trials. These findings underscore the pivotal role of curtailing sodium intake as a potent strategy for controlling blood pressure effectively in the hypertensive demographic. Nonetheless, further exploration is warranted to delve into prolonged outcomes, refine dietary recommendations, and formulate comprehensive strategies for fine-tuning blood pressure control through judicious sodium reduction.