ISSN: 2044-9038 (Print) 2044-9046 (Electronic)

Clinical Practice

Transplantation Open Access Articles

 Organ transplantation is that the process of surgically transferring a donated organ to someone diagnosed with organ failure. Many diseases can cause organ failure, including heart condition, diabetes, hepatitis, CF, and cirrhosis. Injury and birth defects can also cause organ failure. Organs that are successfully transplanted include the guts, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, thymus and uterus. Tissues include bones, tendons (both mentioned as musculoskeletal grafts), corneae, skin, heart valves, nerves and veins. Worldwide, the kidneys are the foremost commonly transplanted organs, followed by the liver then the guts. Corneae and musculoskeletal grafts are the foremost commonly transplanted tissues; these outnumber organ transplants by quite tenfold. Lung transplantation (LTx) is the only therapeutic option for end-stage lung diseases. Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), which manifests as airflow restriction and/or obstruction, is the primary factor limiting the long-term survival of patients after surgery. According to histopathological and radiographic findings, CLAD comprises two phenotypes, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and restrictive allograft syndrome. Half of all lung recipients will develop CLAD in 5 years, and this rate may increase up to 75% 10 years after surgery owing to the paucity in accurate and effective early detection and treatment methods. Recently, many studies have presented noninvasive methods for detecting CLAD and improving diagnosis and intervention. However, the significance of accurately detecting CLAD remains controversial. We reviewed published studies that have presented noninvasive methods for detecting CLAD to highlight the current knowledge on clinical symptoms, spirometry, imaging examinations, and other methods to detect the disease.  

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