ISSN: 2041-6792

Clinical Investigation

Total Knee Arthroplasty Scientific Journals

knee is that the largest joint within the body and having healthy knees is required to perform most everyday activities. The knee is formed from the lower end of the thighbone (femur), the upper end of the shinbone (tibia), and therefore the kneecap (patella). The ends of those three bones are covered with articular cartilage, a smooth substance that protects the bones and enables them to maneuver easily within the joint.The menisci are located between the femur and tibia. These C-shaped wedges act as "shock absorbers" that cushion the joint. Large ligaments hold the femur and tibia together and supply stability. The long thigh muscles give the knee strength. All remaining surfaces of the knee are covered by a skinny lining called the synovium. This membrane releases a fluid that lubricates the cartilage, reducing friction to just about zero during a healthy knee. Normally, all of those components add harmony. But disease or injury can disrupt this harmony, leading to pain, muscle weakness, and reduced function. The most common explanation for chronic knee pain and disability is arthritis. Although there are many sorts of arthritis, most knee pain is caused by just three types: osteoarthritis, atrophic arthritis, and post-traumatic arthritis Osteoarthritis. This is often an age-related "wear and tear" sort of arthritis. It always occurs in people 50 years aged and older, but may occur in younger people, too. The cartilage that cushions the bones of the knee softens and wears away. The bones then rub against each other, causing knee pain and stiffness.    

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