Pulmonary Hypertension Top Open Access
Pulmonary
hypertension (PH or PHTN) may be a condition of increased vital sign within the arteries of the lungs. Symptoms include shortness of breath, syncope, tiredness, pain , swelling of the legs, and a quick heartbeat. The condition may make it difficult to exercise. Onset is usually gradual. The cause is usually unknown. Risk factors include a case
history , prior blood clots within the lungs, HIV/AIDS, red blood cell disease, cocaine use, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, apnea , living at high altitudes, and problems with the bicuspid valve . The underlying mechanism typically involves
inflammation of the arteries within the lungs. Diagnosis involves first ruling out other potential causes. Pulmonary
hypertension may be a pathophysiologic condition with many possible causes. Indeed, this condition frequently accompanies severe heart or
lung conditions. The
pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial
hypertension (WHO Group I) involves the narrowing of blood vessels connected to and within the lungs. This makes it harder for the guts to pump blood through the lungs, very much like it's harder to form water flow through a narrow pipe as against a good one. Over time, the affected blood vessels become stiffer and thicker, during a process referred to as fibrosis. He mechanisms involved during this narrowing process include vasoconstriction, thrombosis, and vascular remodeling (excessive cellular proliferation, fibrosis, and reduced apoptosis/programmed necrobiosis within the vessel walls, caused by inflammation, disordered metabolism and dysregulation of certain growth factors).
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