ISSN: 2044-9038 (Print) 2044-9046 (Electronic)

Clinical Practice

Pemphigus Vulgaris_s

 Pemphigus vulgaris may be a rare autoimmune disorder that's characterised by painful blisters and erosions on the skin and mucous membranes, most ordinarily inside the mouth. Pemphigus vulgaris accounts for 70% of all pemphigus cases worldwide although it's extremely rare in New Zealand (about one case per million of the population). Pemphigus vulgaris affects people of all races, age, and sex. It most commonly appears between the ages of 30 and 60 years and is more common in Jews and Indians than in other races, presumably for genetic reasons. Drug-induced pemphigus is additionally recognised and is most frequently caused by penicillamine, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and cephalosporins. Pemphigus is usually triggered by cancer (paraneoplastic pemphigus), infection or trauma. Pemphigus vulgaris may be a rare autoimmune disease of the skin and affects around 3 people per 100,000 population. Pemphigus vulgaris may cause severe blistering of the skin and therefore the mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, throat, eyes and genital area. Blisters develop in the upper layer of the skin and have a thin and fragile outer surface that breaks away easily leaving raw areas (erosions) that can be extensive and painful. Our immune system makes antibodies to fight infection. Normally these antibodies do not attack our own body. However, in an autoimmune disorder, like pemphigus vulgaris, the system makes antibodies (autoantibodies) that employment against tissues within the body.  

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