ISSN: 2044-9038 (Print) 2044-9046 (Electronic)

Clinical Practice

International Catalysis Journals

The right catalyst can turn ordinary water – or even CO2 – into a clean-burning fuel; the wrong one will quickly degrade performance in solar-cell or electronics manufacturing. In biology, one key enzyme catalyzes the reduction of O2 to H2O in human respiration; another promotes the inflammatory response of celiac disease. Stanford breakthroughs in catalysis advance understanding of reactions essential to industrial production, health and the environment. Ongoing efforts put this knowledge to work, harnessing catalysis to make chemical bonds in new ways and create new forms of matter. At the forefront of new approaches for generating and storing energy, Stanford chemists are developing strategies for extracting electrons from chemical fuels and injecting them into carbon dioxide as a means of storing energy and creating new chemical intermediates from sunlight and CO2 . New catalytic processes can improve efficiency and reduce costs – both economic and environmental – of any chemical process. A catalyst aids transformation of its products while remaining unchanged itself, supporting indefinite reuse. In practice, secondary reactions gradually consume most industrial catalysts, making it important to avoid expensive agents. Promising new directions aim to scale back reaction steps and hunt down catalysts supported readily available materials, for instance, using metal oxide catalysts in situ of these supported rare metals such as platinum and rhodium.

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