Gene Regulation Journal
Regulation of organic phenomenon, or
gene regulation, includes a large range of mechanisms that are employed by
cells to extend or decrease the assembly of specific
gene products (protein or RNA). Sophisticated programs of organic phenomenon are widely observed in biology, as an example to trigger developmental pathways, reply to
environmental stimuli, or adapt to new food sources. Virtually any step of organic phenomenon will be modulated, from transcriptional initiation, to RNA processing, and to the post-translational modification of a protein. Often, one
gene regulator controls another, and so on, in a very
gene regulatory network.
Gene regulation is crucial for viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes because it increases the flexibility and adaptableness of an organism by allowing the cell to precise protein when needed. Although as early as 1951, Barbara McClintock showed interaction between two genetic loci, Activator (Ac) and Dissociator (Ds), within the color formation of
maize seeds, the primary discovery of a
gene regulation system is widely considered to be the identification in 1961 of the lac operon, discovered by Jacob and biochemist, during which some enzymes involved in lactose metabolism are expressed by E. coli only within the presence of lactose and absence of glucose.
In multicellular organisms,
gene regulation drives cellular differentiation and morphogenesis within the embryo, resulting in the creation of various cell types that possess different organic phenomenon profiles from the identical
genome sequence. Although this doesn't explain how
gene regulation originated,
evolutionary biologists include it as a partial explanation of how
evolution works at a molecular level, and it's central to the science of
evolutionary developmental biology.
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