ISSN: 2044-9038 (Print) 2044-9046 (Electronic)

Clinical Practice

Allergen Immunotherapy Research Articles

     Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies, such as insect bites, and asthma.[1][2] Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergen in an attempt to change the immune system's response Meta-analyses have found that injections of allergens under the skin are effective in the treatment in allergic rhinitis in children[3][4] and in asthma.[2] The benefits may last for years after treatment is stopped.[5] It is generally safe and effective for allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic forms of asthma, and stinging insects.[6] The evidence also supports the use of sublingual immunotherapy against rhinitis and asthma, but it is less strong.[5] In this form the allergen is given under the tongue and people often prefer it to injections.[5] Immunotherapy is not recommended as a stand-alone treatment for asthma. Potential side effects related to subcutaneous immunotherapy treatment for asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis include mild or moderate skin or respiratory reactions.[8] Severe side effects such as anaphylaxis during subcutaneous immunotherapy treatment is relatively uncommon Side effects during sublingual immunotherapy treatment are usually local and mild and can often be eliminated by adjusting the dosage.[7] Anaphylaxis during sublingual immunotherapy treatment has occurred on rare occasions. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), also known as allergy shots, is the historical route of administration and consists of injections of allergen extract, which must be performed by a medical professional. Subcutaneous    

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