Abstract

The antiviral resistance of influenza virus

Author(s): Vanessa Escuret, Olivier Ferraris and Bruno Lina

The 2009 pandemic confirmed the increasing role antiviral treatment plays in influenza disease management in severe cases. In the 1960s adamantane derivatives were developed and used to treat influenza A virus infections. However, their limitations emphasized the need for the development of new classes of antivirals, such as neuraminidase inhibitors. Nowadays, different licensed neuraminidase inhibitors are available, but we still need new drugs in the anti-influenza pharmacopea. This article will provide the explanation of the mode of action of two classes of antivirals against influenza viruses, describe the mechanisms of resistance that viruses have developed against these products, and explain the evolution of the susceptibility of the influenza virus subtypes and types against these antivirals. We shall also address the expected evolution of the susceptibility of the viruses, the perspectives regarding new therapeutic options that have been used and/or new drugs that may be available in the near future.